# grdproject¶

grdproject - Forward and inverse map transformation of grids

## Synopsis¶

gmt grdproject in_grdfile -Gout_grdfile -Jparameters [ -C[dx/dy] ] [ -Dxinc[unit][+e|n][/yinc[unit][+e|n]] ] [ -Edpi ] [ -F[c|i|p|e|f|k|M|n|u] ] [ -I ] [ -Mc|i|p ] [ -Rregion ] [ -V[level] ] [ -nflags ] [ -rreg ] [ --PAR=value ]

Note: No space is allowed between the option flag and the associated arguments.

## Description¶

grdproject will do one of two things depending whether -I has been set. If set, it will transform a gridded data set from a rectangular coordinate system onto a geographical system by resampling the surface at the new nodes. If not set, it will project a geographical gridded data set onto a rectangular grid. To obtain the value at each new node, its location is inversely projected back onto the input grid after which a value is interpolated between the surrounding input grid values. By default bi-cubic interpolation is used. Aliasing is avoided by also forward projecting the input grid nodes. If two or more nodes are projected onto the same new node, their average will dominate in the calculation of the new node value. Interpolation and aliasing is controlled with the -n option. The new node spacing may be determined in one of several ways by specifying the grid spacing, number of nodes, or resolution. Nodes not constrained by input data are set to NaN.

The -R option can be used to select a map region larger or smaller than that implied by the extent of the grid file.

## Required Arguments¶

in_grdfile
2-D binary grid file to be transformed. (See GRID FILE FORMATS below.)
-Gout_grdfile
Specify the name of the output grid file. (See GRID FILE FORMATS below.)
-Jparameters (more …)
Select map projection.

## Optional Arguments¶

-C[dx/dy]
Let projected coordinates be relative to projection center [Default is relative to lower left corner]. Optionally, add offsets in the projected units to be added (or subtracted when -I is set) to (from) the projected coordinates, such as false eastings and northings for particular projection zones [0/0].
-Dxinc[unit][+e|n][/yinc[unit][+e|n]]
Set the grid spacing for the new grid. Append m for arc minute, s for arc second. If neither -D nor -E are set then we select the same number of output nodes as there are input nodes.
-Edpi
Set the resolution for the new grid in dots per inch.
-F[c|i|p|e|f|k|M|n|u]
Force 1:1 scaling, i.e., output (or input, see -I) data are in actual projected meters [e]. To specify other units, append f (foot), k (km), M (statute mile), n (nautical mile), u (US survey foot), i (inch), c (cm), or p (point). Without -F, the output (or input, see -I) are in the units specified by PROJ_LENGTH_UNIT (but see -M).
-I
Do the Inverse transformation, from rectangular to geographical.
-Mc|i|p
Append c, i, or p to indicate that cm, inch, or point should be the projected measure unit [Default is set by PROJ_LENGTH_UNIT in gmt.conf]. Cannot be used with -F.
-Rxmin/xmax/ymin/ymax[+r][+uunit] (more …)
Specify the region of interest. You may ask to project only a subset of the grid by specifying a smaller input w/e/s/n region [Default is the region given by the grid file].
-V[level] (more …)
Select verbosity level [c].
-n[b|c|l|n][+a][+bBC][+c][+tthreshold] (more …)
Select interpolation mode for grids.
-r (more …)
Set node registration [gridline].
-^ or just -
Print a short message about the syntax of the command, then exits (NOTE: on Windows just use -).
-+ or just +
Print an extensive usage (help) message, including the explanation of any module-specific option (but not the GMT common options), then exits.
-? or no arguments
Print a complete usage (help) message, including the explanation of all options, then exits.
--PAR=value
Temporarily override a GMT default setting; repeatable. See gmt.conf for parameters.

## Grid File Formats¶

By default GMT writes out grid as single precision floats in a COARDS-complaint netCDF file format. However, GMT is able to produce grid files in many other commonly used grid file formats and also facilitates so called “packing” of grids, writing out floating point data as 1- or 2-byte integers. (more …)

## Examples¶

To transform the geographical grid dbdb5.nc onto a pixel Mercator grid at 300 dpi, run

gmt grdproject dbdb5.nc -R20/50/12/25 -Jm0.25i -E300 -r -Gdbdb5_merc.nc


To inversely transform the file topo_tm.nc back onto a geographical grid, use

gmt grdproject topo_tm.nc -R-80/-70/20/40 -Jt-75/1:500000 -I -D5m -V -Gtopo.nc


This assumes, of course, that the coordinates in topo_tm.nc were created with the same projection parameters.

To inversely transform the file topo_utm.nc (which is in UTM meters) back to a geographical grid we specify a one-to-one mapping with meter as the measure unit:

gmt grdproject topo_utm.nc -R203/205/60/65 -Ju5/1:1 -I -Mm -Gtopo.nc -V


To inversely transform the file data.nc (which is in Mercator meters with Greenwich as the central longitude and a false easting of -4 and produced on the ellipse WGS-72) back to a geographical grid we specify a one-to-one mapping with meter as the measure unit:

gmt grdproject data.nc -Jm/1:1 -I -F -C-4/0 -Gdata_geo.nc -V --PROJ_ELLIPSOID=WGS-72


## Restrictions¶

The boundaries of a projected (rectangular) data set will not necessarily give rectangular geographical boundaries (Mercator is one exception). In those cases some nodes may be unconstrained (set to NaN). To get a full grid back, your input grid may have to cover a larger area than you are interested in.